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The COBOL Crisis: Strategies for Legacy Modernization

Engineering TeamOctober 21, 20258 min read

The Code That Runs the World

If you checked your bank balance today, that transaction likely passed through a mainframe running COBOL, a language designed in 1959.

There is a massive shortage of COBOL developers. Yet, rewriting these mission-critical systems is terrifying. One bug could erase millions of dollars.

The Trap of "Big Bang" Re-writes

History is littered with failed modernization projects. Companies try to stop everything, spend 3 years rewriting the platform, and flip a switch. It almost never works.

The AI-Assisted Strangler Pattern

We advocate for the "Strangler Fig" pattern: gradually replacing specific pieces of functionality until the old system creates nothing.

AI accelerates this massively:

  1. Code Understanding: LLMs are surprisingly good at reading ancient COBOL or Fortran and explaining what it functionally does in plain English.
  2. Test Generation: Before we engage a single line of code, we use AI to generate thousands of test cases based on the old system's inputs and outputs.
  3. Transpilation: AI assists in porting the logic to Go or Rust, maintaining the exact business rules.

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